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The application of gas plays a major role in the act of welding. While the ability to reduce and heat relies heavily on acetylene, a wide variety of gases are used as shielding gases for welding. Shielding gas prevents other gases in the atmosphere from reducing the grade of the welding process. Shielding gas also has an impact on several other aspects in the process, including welding torch travel speed and the standard of the weld deposit in completed form.

The type of shielding gas used depends on the arc welding method being performed as well as the material being welded. In order to meet the shielding gas needs of the particular application, gases are often times developed into special blends. Some elements commonly used inside these specialty gas combination's incorporate oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide.

ArgonThe third most common gas inside Earth's atmosphere, argon is heavier than air and it has a low thermal rate involving conductivity. These qualities enable argon to supply solid arc welding stability and also penetration. Argon is also an inert fuel, which allows it to supply without impacting the composition in the welded metal. As a shielding gas, argon is used on a unique for gas metal arc welding (GMAW) as well as gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) on nonferrous metals including aluminum and copper. It is also used in conjunction with other elements for GMAW and also flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) projects relating to the joining of steel.

OxygenThe addition of Oxygen within shielding gases for GMAW projects can enhance arc stability. It can also improve your fluidity and wetting characteristics involving weld puddles by reducing area tension. When used in conjunction with carbon dioxide and argon, oxygen can also provide versatility to joining certain kinds of carbon steel.

HydrogenUsed primarily on austenitic as well as duplex stainless steels, hydrogen is known for increasing the weld puddle fluidity along with cleanliness of surfaces. When added in small quantities to argon, it can also provide excellent weld bead appearance and help the travel speeds of GTAW jobs involving austenitic steels by just as much as 25 percent.

NitrogenThis gas can improve weld sexual penetration and arc stability of austenitic and also duplex stainless steels. Additionally, it is used as a shielding gas additive to increase the mechanical properties and pitting resistances involving super-austenitic and super-duplex stainless steels. Nitrogen also provides good underlying protection for metal when combined with 10 percent hydrogen. Please go here for more information concerning heat shields for automotive and custom heat shields.